The concept of justification is a central theme in the Bible, particularly in the book of Romans, where it is contrasted with sanctification. The Roman Catholic Church teaches that justification is a process, while Protestants believe it is an act. The doctrine of justification by faith alone is a cornerstone of Protestant theology, and it is opposed by the Roman Catholic Church, which teaches that good works are necessary for justification. The concept of redemption is also closely tied to justification, as it refers to the payment made by Christ to redeem humanity from sin. Propitiation, the act of appeasing God's wrath, is another key concept in this passage, as it highlights God's holiness and his need to be satisfied in order to justify humanity.
[... more]