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Olivia Juliette Hooker: The First Black Woman in the U.S. Coast Guard

Our American Stories / Lee Habeeb
The Truth Network Radio
March 19, 2026 3:01 am

Olivia Juliette Hooker: The First Black Woman in the U.S. Coast Guard

Our American Stories / Lee Habeeb

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March 19, 2026 3:01 am

Dr. Olivia Hooker became the first African American woman to join the U.S. Coast Guard in 1945, paving the way for future generations. Her remarkable story of perseverance and determination serves as an inspiration to all, highlighting the importance of breaking down barriers and pushing for equality.

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Dr. Olivia Hooker. Here's Stacey Edwards. With her story. Ten years before Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery, Alabama bus.

and eighteen years before Martin Luther King, junior delivered his I Have a Dream speech, Olivia Hooker became the first African American woman to join the U.S. Coast Guard. nineteen forty five I joined, and march the ninth was the day we went on duty. We had been campaigning for that. privilege, but nobody joined.

I kept watching the newspapers. And I thought. Two. Campaign for certain civil rights and then not use them. To me is very funeral and Somebody ought to join up after they campaign.

Born in Muskegee, Oklahoma, Olivia was just seven years old when her house was ransacked and burned by members of the KKK during the Tulsa race riots of 1921. while her and her three siblings hid under a table. There were times when I didn't know about prejudice. because the only people that I had seen Who were Not African American. were people who wanted to sell things to my father.

and they brought presents for the children and listened to my sister play Bach and all kinds of things. to show how interested they were.

So I was totally surprised. When? The disaster happened. Wasn't a riot, we were really the victims. But It took 80 years before we got an apology.

from the mayor of Tulsa. Um They admitted that we were the victims. Of course we got no monetary. a reimbursement, but At least they apologized after 80 years. After the riots, her family moved to Columbus, Ohio.

where she earned her Bachelor of Arts in 1937. from Ohio State University. While at OSU, she joined the Delta Sigma Theta sorority, where she advocated for African American women to be admitted to the U.S. Navy. You see, there were no.

people of our race in the Navy. Not no girls. We had been campaigning for that. privilege, but nobody joined. I kept watching the newspapers.

And I thought. Two. Campaign. for certain civil rights and then not use them. To me is very feudal and Somebody oughta throwing up after they campaign.

So I thought, well. If I go and I survive... Maybe someone else will come. Although I had applied for the Navy. And they kept writing back saying there is a technicality.

They didn't tell me what the technicality was.

So I said, well, let me try the Coast Guard. And the Coast Guard recruiter was just so welcoming. She wanted to be the first one to enroll. African American. Miss Hooker enlisted with the U.

S. Coast Guard in February 1945. On March 9th, She went to basic training in Brooklyn, New York. when they told us to go to basic training. I took a trunk with all my luxuries in it.

I didn't know. The seven girls, other girls that went when I went. All had duffle bags. Everything was new to me. They get you up at five o'clock in the morning.

and you do exercises for an hour. before you went to breakfast. And then Of course you had to polish your floor even though it didn't need polishing. Uh they thought of chores for you. We went to Manhattan Beach training station.

And we stayed there Six and nine. Fifteen weeks, I think. And then when I graduated from Yeoman School. I was sent. Yeah.

to Boston. the head of the Yeoman School Lieutenant Isley. Had written to all of the Coast Guard stations. There were eleven. Districts.

And the only one who answered yes, they would take an African American. was Admiral Derby in Boston. While in Boston, Olivia earned the rank of yeoman second class in the Coast Guard Women's Reserve, where she served until her unit was disbanded in nineteen forty six. By nineteen forty seven, after receiving her master's, Hooker moved upstate to work in the mental health department of a woman's correctional facility. Many women in this facility were considered to have severe learning disabilities by staff.

Hooker felt they were more capable than giving credit and reevaluated them and helped the women to pursue better education and jobs. a passion she inherited from her mother. My mother was a real suffragist, I mean, she was a campaigner for the women's vote. And uh So I guess I inherited some of that. And I want to see equal pay for equal positions.

And Naturally. I'm trying to vote. For people who believe that equal pay for equal positions. should be the right of every person. By nineteen sixty one, Olivia Hooker became doctor Olivia Hooker when she earned her PhD in psychology from the University of Rochester.

In nineteen sixty three she joined Fordham University as a senior clinical lecturer. Eventually she served as an associate professor until nineteen eighty five, but it was her experience in the U. S. Coast Guard where doctor Hooker realized her full potential. I didn't know.

Many people. that were not of my hue, And it was good for me to mix with other people and find out, you know, how they thought and what they were like. It taught me a lot about order and uh priorities But I would like to see more of us realizing. you know, that our country needs us. And I'd like to see more.

uh girls consider spending some time in the military. if they don't have a job at all and they're They have ambition.

Okay. And they don't know. Of what? heights they might reach. It's really nice to have people with different points of view and different kinds of upbringing.

And uh the world would really prosper from more of that. After retiring at the age of 87, she joined the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary at the age of 95. She received a presidential citation in 2011 and was inducted into the New York State Senate Veterans Hall of Fame. On November 21, 2018, she died of natural causes in her home in White Plains, New York.

at the age of one hundred three. Although she was a practicing Methodist, Dr. Olivia Hooker found inspiration in the story of St. Francis. Saint Francis was a terrible boy.

I mean he did everything wrong. to his family. And so if St. Francis could become Saint Francis. After All the things he did as a boy, I have faith.

that other people can change. and concede. the right path and not Take the path this travel. My favorite hymn One of them Is Have thine own way, Lord. Have thine own way.

Thou art a potter. I am McClay. Mold me and make me. after their will. Voila I am.

Waiting. Peaceful. And still. And uh I I was just fond of that thinking of the creator being the potter and I being the clay. To me that was important.

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