Last Men Out of Vietnam: Evacuating Saigon

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I'm Brittany Spanos and I'm Rob Sheffield. We're here to shed light on the greatest songs ever made and discover what makes them so great. From classics like Fleetwood Mac's Dreams to the Ronettes Be My Baby and modern day classics like The Killer's Mr. Brightside.

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Head to Walmart.com today and score the 4K TV you've been waiting for. And we continue with our American Stories. In a thrilling moment-by-moment narrative based on a wealth of recently declassified documents and in-depth interviews, authors Bob Drury and Tom Clavin tell the remarkable story of the evacuation of Saigon in Last Man Out, the true story of America's heroic final hours in Vietnam. This closing chapter of the war had become the largest scale evacuation ever carried out as improvised by a very small unit of Marines.

Here's Bob Drury with the story. In 1973 the United States, South Vietnam and the Democratic Republic of North Vietnam signed the Paris Peace Accords. Now according to those accords everybody hoped and wished, especially in the United States, that we were going to have another Korea situation, that it was going to be a country divided in two, there was going to be a DMZ, there was going to be a peace line for whenever. The North Vietnamese never had any idea of standing by these accords.

They were constantly probing, probing, probing. They even were allowed to leave men, 130,000 men, construction workers, on the soil of the Republic of Vietnam. Finally in the fall of 1974, led by a charismatic and strategic and tactical genius, an unfortunately named genius, General Van Thien Dung, they decided to invade. They broke the Paris Peace Accords.

Now we knew they were doing this. We had satellites, we had B-52 photos, we had everything. But Congress was just so sick of the war in Vietnam. We were out, we had some men, we had Marine security guards, MSGs, provincial consulars, we had a half a platoon in Saigon, we had some advisors in.

We're in the middle of a recession here in the United States. We just didn't want to spend any more money. We just wanted to kind of wipe our hands in Vietnam.

It was a bad deal. Dung didn't believe that. He thought us capitalist running dogs, we have something up our sleeve. So he probed at first, sending out scout teams.

They met with no resistance. The South Vietnamese Army, the Arvins, the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, fell apart. Their officers deserted. Men were left leaderless, nowhere to go, did not know what to do. What happened was, is after a while General Dung, the North Vietnamese General Dung said, you know what, the Americans aren't going to do anything. He was expecting a B-52 strike like the last time North Vietnam had invaded South Vietnam.

It never came. So gradually he picked up speed. And the North Vietnamese Army, 150,000 men, more than 150,000 men, sluiced through South Vietnam. Provinces, cities fell.

Pleiku fell. Hue city fell. Da Nang, a beautiful little port city of half a million people, became a swollen, seething cauldron of Arvin deserters, Arvin retreaters, civilians on the road. The roads were just, as the Arvins, as the South Vietnamese soldiers retreated into Da Nang, they raped and they looted. And Da Nang just became this swollen city. And finally we decided, we have to have a plan.

We have to get people out of here. What we tried to do is we tried an evac, both a fixed wing and a helicopter out of Da Nang, fell apart immediately in large part because our own allies, our former allies, the Arvins, thought we were cutting and running, which we were, and started firing on the American aircraft coming in. The MSG unit, the Marine Security Guard unit, a small unit in Da Nang, almost got into several firefights with their ostensible allies until they were finally snuck out in the back of a garbage truck. Finally, a sea lift was instituted. The US and South Vietnam took as many boats, barges, ships as they could, sent them up there, and it became a total mess.

Women were tossing their babies into the water. Arvin units were boarding fishing smacks, throwing the civilians overboard, old men and old women, just throwing them overboard and commandeering these fishing smacks to get south. It was ugly. There were no Arvin commanders, no South Vietnam commanders to keep any kind of order, and we learned something from Da Nang, and that was, ooh, a sea lift from anywhere else is going to be kind of dicey. So now, General Dung, he hadn't planned on taking Saigon until perhaps late in 1975, but most likely in 1976 after the rainy season. Yet here he is. He finds himself, this started in late 1974, in early April, mid-April 1975, he finds himself with an army of 150,000 people encircling Saigon.

He's going back and forth with it. Dung was a smart man. He knew that now was the time to strike. It was just what were the Americans going to do, the Americans in Saigon. Now, as I said, there was this Marine Security Guard Battalion, but it wasn't really a battalion.

It was between 50 and 60 people. And three days before the 7th Fleet, which was cruising the waters off South Vietnam in international waters out on the South China Sea, they sent in a platoon of Fleet Marines, early-reaction commando types. According to the Paris Peace Accords, we weren't allowed to have more than X amount of soldiers in South Vietnam, and the MSGs pretty much took up that quota. So they sent 50 young men, and they had them wearing leisure suits and carrying their guns and uniforms in duffel bags. I remember Top Valdez, who was the NCO in charge of the MSGs in Saigon, said, oh, yeah, that's really going to fool the North Vietnamese. They're never going to know we're here. And there's all kinds of Americans still in there, not only civilians, but State Department, Spooks, CIA.

There's Army advisors, Air Force advisors, Navy advisors. But let's face it, the two main players in Saigon right now are the ambassador, Graham Martin, an elegant man, tall, a shock of white hair, always had a jaunty cigarette dangling from his lips. Unfortunately, he was a young man. He was only in his late 50s, but he looked about 75 because he was sick. He was physically sick. He had walking pneumonia. And he was under the mental stress that I just can't imagine being under.

He, not only the walking pneumonia, he was taking drugs for an old car accident. And he was deluded. Now, when I say deluded, I'm not trying to be pejorative, but he thought he was the only man. He was the ambassador. He was the man in charge of South Vietnam. He thought he was the only man who could cut a deal with the North Vietnamese, who are slowly but surely encircling Saigon. And he would not call for any kind of evacuation because he thought a deal was imminent. His powers of diplomacy were going to cut a deal with the North Vietnamese.

And it was delusional. So finally, enough is enough for General Dung. And he thinks he's going to poke a little stick at the Americans to get them out quicker, because he knows once the Americans go, he's got the country. He saw what happened to the fourth largest army. South Vietnam had the fourth largest army in the world. He went through it like, you know what, through a goose.

He saw what happened up north. He said, I'm going to take Saigon. Then there's troops down in the bread basket, down in the Mekong Delta.

But you know what? I'm just going to encircle them and take them the same way. Let's get these Americans out of here. I don't want to start another war.

I will if I have to. They're running dogs. He hated us.

They're capitalist running dogs. He hated us. But my orders are, don't start another war. So before the morning of April 29th, the Ambassador Martin had ordered Jim Keane to split his MSG detachment. He said, I need extra people out at the airport. There was a defense attaché's office next to the airport, adjacent to the airport. It's where we had run everything during the Vietnam War. Westmoreland was stationed there. All the big generals were stationed there.

Now it was still the same buildings, but it just had advisors. And he said, I need men out at the DAO because if we're going to do a helicopter evacuation, it's got to be from the DAO, this defense attaché's office adjacent to the airport. So Keane's like, no, I can't split my command. I only have 55 people.

I can't split my command. And here's something about the MSG's. They're the only branch of the Marine Corps that takes their orders from a civilian. They're not in the normal chain of command. So what the State Department says, usually through a regional security officer, an RSO stationed at every embassy, and the RSO said, send them out there. The Ambassador wants them out there. Send them out there. So Keane went to top Valdez and he said, we've got to send 16 guys out there.

You pick them top. Don't get any of my newbies in trouble. Now there were a couple of kids who had just come into South Vietnam. Valdez is thinking, you know what? The North Vietnamese want us out of Saigon so badly.

They're never going to bomb the airport. I'm going to send all my inexperienced newbies out there. And you're listening to a riveting account of the evacuation of Saigon. You're listening to Bob Drury, co-author of Last Men Out. When we come back, more of this compelling story, a story you haven't heard, probably, here on Our American Stories. From football playoffs to basketball madness, TCL Roku TVs are the best way to stream your favorite live sports with all the biggest sports channels, a sports zone with all available games in one place and apps like iHeartRadio, with sports podcasts such as The Herd with Colin Cowherd. Cheering on your favorite team has never been easier. A big screen TCL Roku TV offers premium picture and sound quality so you'll feel like you're right in the action.

Find the perfect TCL Roku TV for you today at go.tcl.com slash TCL Roku TV. Welcome to 500 Greatest Songs, a podcast based on Rolling Stone's hugely popular, influential, and sometimes controversial list. I'm Britney Spanos.

And I'm Rob Sheffield. We're here to shed light on the greatest songs ever made and discover what makes them so great. From classics like Fleetwood Mac's Dreams to the Ronettes' Be My Baby, and modern day classics like The Killer's Mr. Brightside. Listen to Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs starting on March 13th on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Are you looking to step up to a 4k smart TV, one that gives you unparalleled clarity and picture resolution? Then we've got good news for you because the Vizio 65-inch V-Series 4k Smart TV is now just $348. With all your favorite apps built in, you can stream straight out of the box.

You can even sing along to all your favorite music and radio on the iHeartRadio app. Looking for a smaller or bigger screen? Vizio offers unbeatable prices on all V-Series 4k smart TVs.

Head to Walmart.com today and score the 4k TV you've been waiting for. And we continue with our American stories and with Bob Drury telling the story of our evacuation of Saigon. In the end he's telling the story of the last days of Vietnam and the Vietnam War. Let's pick up where we last left off.

Here again, Bob Drury. Before dawn on the morning of April 29th, General Dung rocketed and shelled the airport with heavy artillery. There were like 6,000 rockets and shells landing every minute. But one of those shells landed right on a Darwin judge.

He had been in country two months. Corporal Charles McMahon. They were manning a guard post. They were obliterated by a rocket. Dead. The airfields are now, you can't land a fixed wing. They're cratered.

And Martin's still in his delusional state. We could fix this. We could fix this and start getting the C-130s in here. He gets back to the embassy and Major Jim Keane knows his two men are dead now. His two kids. And he says, uh, I don't want you to report this to the Marine Corps chain of command. Major Keane says, what do you mean you don't want?

He said, you take orders from me. If they find out these guys are dead, they're going to pull the plug on me. And Keane is thinking, pull the plug on you? The plug is already pulled. Plug is pulled for Darwin judge.

Plug is pulled for Charles McMahon. That's when Keane realized he and top Valdez were going to have to manage this evacuation with the Marines they had on hand. Now these MSGs, what happens is commanders take the top 1%. They're less than 1% of the Marine Corps. The commander company commanders pluck the top guys in their units. They have to go through a selection process.

And if they get to MSG school, there's still a 30 or 40% attrition rate. So these guys are kids, but they're tough kids and they're smart kids and they're dedicated kids. These are some of the kids that boom, not only the personal tension between the ambassador and Keane, but now the city of Saigon is turning into a churning, roiling, chaotic mess. They have to keep it together. So the original plan was everybody from the embassy was going to go over to the defense attaché's office and we're all going to helicopter out from there. Well, Keane and Valdez said, nah, that's not going to happen. You know, people are going to run to the flag. We're not going to be able to get through these choke streets. Saigon is now like Da Nang. There's 2 million ARVN, whether you want to call them deserters, whether you want to call them defeated soldiers. But the fact is they're walking around with guns and are very pissed off at the Americans who they're obviously leaving.

So all day, this is going on. The ambassador had Henry Kissinger on his side. Graham Martin and Kissinger were kind of the leftover from Nixon legacy. And they kept saying, if Nixon were still in office, we'd be giving General Dunne a good dose of vitamin B 52. But Nixon hadn't been impeached, kind of Gerald Ford wanted to wash his hands of it. So Kissinger had the most to lose. So they kept, kept stalling.

Finally, the Marine High Command, the Secretary of Defense and Gerald Ford convinced Ambassador Martin Kissinger, it's time to get out. So begins a day, April 29th, 1975 of just manic helicopters in, out in a 5,500 feet out of 4,500 feet. Small arms fire the entire time. Is it coming from ARVN's? Is it coming from NVA snipers who are now, they could see the NVA. The MSG's are up on the roof. They're working 24 hours shoveling classified information into this brace of furnaces. They could see, they could look over the roof. They could see firefights between the NVA and the few ARVN's, the Army of the Republic of Vietnam, who are still fighting, who are still standing tall and fighting. They're watching these firefights while they're shoveling. They shoveled $5 million in cash into these furnaces, American cash, who knows how many Vietnamese piasters.

All day long, this goes on. So finally, during the daylight hours, they managed to clear out the Defense Attaché's office. The Fleet Marines send a small platoon over to the embassy.

Now the only thing that's left in the city is this one little outpost, the United States Embassy, a three-square-mile outpost. And the crowds around it, which had been 2,000, which had been 10,000, which had been 50,000, are now 60,000. And a lot of them are armed, and a lot of them are peed off soldiers. So all day long, this is going on. The crowd's surging.

And some of the stories, I mean, Jim Keen and Tom Valdez, and to an extent Mike Sullivan, are kind of like the little Dutch boy. They're plugging holes in the dike. Here, here, they're coming over the wall. Here, lock that gate, lock that gate. And the guys, they're standing there, and they have to let in Americans, American reporters, American State Department guys who maybe were stuck downtown. Anybody's got an American passport. And third-party nationals, our allies are Koreans.

There's a few Brits left in town. And they're standing at the gate, and they're lifting people over the gate. And while they're doing it, people are coming up to them, and they're opening bags of jewels, or Krugerrats. Bobby Frain's watching one time, and this woman comes. Her husband's making way through the crowd with his elbows.

The woman's carrying something. Sure enough, they get close. The husband takes it, heaves it up. It's a baby, gets caught on the barbed wire on top. One of the MSGs runs up, unhooks it, but, per orders, gently drops it back down, can't take it in.

Heartbreaking stories. Mr. Na came up to an MSG, and he got close enough to the gate, and he's kind of a withered old Vietnamese man. And he's got an old Vietnamese army jacket on with a row of medals. And he pulls a yellowed envelope, creased envelope out of his pocket.

And he slips it through, and one of the MSGs opens it up. And it's from the Pleiku Officers Club, dated 1967. And it says, Mr. Na has served not only his country, but the United States of America well. Please consider that when you deal with Mr. Na. And Mr. Na had one arm. And he starts, he holds the thing, and he starts, wash dishes, Wash Dishes Officers Club, Wash Dishes.

And I remember the MSG just turned around, and just said, who am I to play God like this? Who am I to say, yes, you can come in? And in the meanwhile, all the Vietnamese that are in there, there's like a thousand Vietnamese inside the compound already, they're all the fat cats. There they go, soldiers, the sons of politicians that didn't have to go into the army that bought their way out. Fat cats with suitcases, and you know what's in those suitcases. They're smuggling out gold, they're smuggling out jewels, they're smuggling out money.

And these poor MSGs, they're on the gates. And even though they were kids, they had to make this decision. These are 19, 20-year-old kids put in this position, who joined the Marines.

Don't forget, you're not drafted by the Marines, who joined the Marines to fight for their country, to fight in Vietnam for their country. It went on all night. The big sea stallions, you know, the Chinook, the Army Chinook, the helicopter that's emblematic of Vietnam, they were landing in the parking lot.

The CH-46 sea knights were landing on the roof. They had an assembly line going. The DAO is already empty, so now it's just the embassy. Jim Keen, the sea stallions are made to carry maybe 30, 35 Marines. Jim Keen is packing 70 Vietnamese, smaller, lighter Vietnamese. At first, he was letting them take one bag. After a while, no bags, no bags.

But the crowd, so many people are sneaking in, the crowd doesn't seem like it's getting any smaller. This goes on all day, all night. They line up every vehicle they have to form a ring of light. And these helicopter pilots were just magnificent. The only room these big choppers had to come down was straight down, fill up. Keen would throw 75 on. If the guy couldn't get air, he'd take five off.

If the guy got a little air, straight up. One crash, one crash and boom, there goes your chopper pad and evacuation's over. And you've been listening to Bob Drury tell a heck of a story. And by the way, he is co-author, along with Tom Clavin, of the book, Last Man Out, The True Story of America's Heroic Final Hours in Vietnam. And heroic, indeed they were.

Remarkable were these final hours. And it's a story most Americans don't know and should know. And that's what we do every day here on Our American Stories is tell stories about what we did. Because if we don't remember what we did, we won't know who we are. And that's a great quote from Reagan's last address to the country, his farewell address in 89.

And John F. Kennedy thought similarly about American history, a great Democrat president and a great Republican. We need to know our stories. And by the way, Clavin and Drury have told all kinds of stories on this show. Go to our American stories.com to find them.

When we come back, more of this remarkable story, our final days in Vietnam here on Our American Stories. You wouldn't settle for watching a blurry TV, would you? So why settle for just okay TV sound? Upgrade your streaming and sound all in one with Roku Stream Bar. This powerful two in one upgrade for any TV lets you stream your favorite entertainment in brilliant 4k HDR picture and hear every detail with auto speech clarity. Whether you're hosting a party or just cleaning the house, turn it up and rock out with I heart radio and room filling sound. Learn more about Roku Stream Bar today at roku.com. Happy streaming. Welcome to 500 Greatest Songs, a podcast based on Rolling Stone's hugely popular, influential and sometimes controversial list. I'm Brittany Spanos and I'm Rob Sheffield. We're here to shed light on the greatest songs ever made and discover what makes them so great from classics like Fleetwood Mac's Dreams to the Ronettes, Be My Baby and modern day classics like The Killers, Mr.

Right Side. Listen to Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs starting on March 13th on the I heart radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Are you looking to step up to a 4k smart TV, one that gives you unparalleled clarity and picture resolution? Then we've got good news for you because the Vizio 65 inch V series 4k smart TV is now just 348. With all your favorite apps built in, you can stream straight out of the box.

You can even sing along to all your favorite music and radio on the I heart radio app. Looking for a smaller or bigger screen? Vizio offers unbeatable prices on all V series 4k smart TVs.

Head to walmart.com today and score the 4k TV you've been waiting for. And we continue with our American stories. And with Bob Drury telling the story of our final days in Vietnam.

Let's go back to Bob with the rest of the story. And finally, Gerald Ford sends word to the seventh fleet. We said we got to get the ambassador out there. The ambassador? What the hell is he still doing here? He was supposed to be out there 12, 12 hours ago. You won't leave President Ford. What do you mean you won't leave?

And this dithering is going on in Washington. When one of my favorite characters in the book, Jerry Berry, handsome as the day is long, still is, still is. I mean, he looks like a movie star. He's been flying 18 straight hours. He lands on the USS Dubuque. Marine commandant comes out, the marine general in charge of the seventh fleet comes out. He says, Colonel Berry, you will take the ambassador out on your next run. You're a marine colonel. You don't ask a three star why.

Yes, sir, I will is the answer. He gets in, he's flying in. He and his co-pilot, it's dark. They're taking small arms fire. There's a monsoon moving in. They can't use the 45 and 5,500 lanes anymore.

Now they're flying ground level because they have to fly under the clouds. What are we going to do? Berry's like, I don't know. I don't know.

I'll figure something. They land on the roof. He's got the little, the scratch pad here. He scribbles something on it. And one of the ambassador's personal security unit guards comes up and says, yes, what's this? And he said, direct orders from the president. I'm not leaving this roof until I have the ambassador. Sure enough, he's there for a good 20 minutes. The ambassador comes out. Even at this point, poor, decrepit, broken realizes that it's time to go. So then word comes, the MSG's are still manning the gates.

They're still manning the walls. While the same flight, the ambassador goes on, Jim Keens gets a message from the fleet, button it up. He goes downstairs to top Valdez and he says, button it up top. Top looks over and he's, not only are there still 10,000 people trying to get in, but there are four, five, 600 people that have already gotten in illegally. Tom says, doesn't even say anything.

Just looks at him and Keens says, orders, button it up. They shut the door. They disable the elevators. They run upstairs.

And by this point there's about 60 of them. Fleet Marines, few fleet Marines are mixed in with the Marine security guards. Still dark out. They get up to the roof. Boom, everything all hell breaks loose downstairs. The people steal, the heartbreaking thing. People outside the gate stole a fire truck, broke through the gates, broke through the big mahogany doors of the chancery in the embassy and made their way up the stairs to the sixth floor where the Marines are like barricaded against them. But some Marines are looking over and the 400 who were left, who were supposed to get out are just standing there and they called them sticks. They had them in sticks of like 60 people a piece. And they're just standing there with the sticks, with their luggage and with their kids, with their wives, waiting for the Americans to come and save them.

And once again, I'm telling you, people were brokenhearted up there. So there was a brief pause where the helicopters stood down because of flying time and an even bigger Marine general in Hawaii, Lou Wilson, Medal of Honor winner. He put out an order. He said, anybody that doesn't go and get my Marines, I don't care what service they're in, I'm court-martialing them.

So they started flying again. They come in. Jim Keen does a head count. He realizes, even stripped to their vest, stripped of their helmets, stripped of their weapons, he said, I'm not going to get all my men in.

I'm not going to get my MSG's. He turns to top Valdez. He says, top, give me 10 men I could die with. So these helicopters take off. Now there's 11 men left on the roof. A few minutes later, the sun comes up.

The irony is several. It's the most beautiful sunrise that they've, it's a beautifully clear day. The monsoon clouds have cleared.

It's the most beautiful sunrise that Jim Keen has ever seen in his life. In Washington, Henry Kissinger holds a press conference. Gets up at the same podium where, two years before, he announced peace in our time after the Paris Peace Accords. At the very same podium, he now announces that all Americans who wanted to get out of South Vietnam are out. When he said wanted to get out, some reporters remained behind. And Kissinger seeds an aide talking to him and says, excuse me, cut short his press conference.

Walks off. The aide whispers, and we've got 11 Marines unaccounted for. 11 Marines unaccounted for?

What do you mean unaccounted for? We lose it? In the confusion, what happened was when the ambassador went out at 3 48 AM, Jerry Berry's call sign, the tiger is out. The tiger is out of his cage. In the original evacuation plan, the ambassador was going to be the last to leave.

So they were still working on that. Oh, the tiger's out of his cage. There's nobody left. So the 11 Marine security guards, Keen, Valdez, Mike Sullivan, eight kids, eight tough kids, eight dedicated kids, but eight kids. They're up in this roof.

They barricaded the door. Dawn comes, and the small arms fire just increases. Is it coming from Arvin's? Once again, is it coming from NVA snipers?

Probably a little of both. Valdez is monkey walking around the perimeter, kind of counting the weapons. You know, everybody's got an M16. Everybody's got a sidearm. We got a couple of shotguns up here, it looks like. We got two 50 cal machine guns, and he's saying to himself, what is this?

This is nothing. We got 150,000 hardened, angry NVA soldiers out there. Jim Keen senses the tension, senses his 10 other Marine security guards are wondering, where's our chopper? He calls a meeting. They all get in a circle, they huddle up, and he says, listen, here's the deal. General Dunn does not want to start a war with the United States. If he kills us, he starts a war with the United States. But you know what?

I've been in action. In small units, things go wrong. So there could be a small unit fight. We don't know what's coming through that door next. It could be pissed off Arvin's.

It could be NVA. I don't want you firing back at anyone. He said, I want everybody laying low, and I want everybody on their toes. We're going to get out of here.

We're going to get out of here. But he didn't believe in himself. In his after action report, he wasn't sure.

So there's just scenes. Steve Bauer, an MSG from Long Island, he had smuggled two bottles. He had been carrying them for three weeks in his rucksack. He had a bottle of Johnny Walker Black, and he had a bottle of Johnny Walker Red. He calls the MSG's, except for Top Valdez and Jim Keen, around, and they kind of sit Indian style in a circle, and they pass the bottles around. Top and Major Keen are over in the corner. As they're speaking, Keen looks over, and he sees there's something going on in that circle, the two bottles of whiskey. Top, go see what's going on. Valdez walks over, and just in time to hear Bobby Frain saying, no tiger cages for me, no Hanoi Hilton for me. You know, we're going to take a vote right now.

If those gooks are going to take my dog tags, dog tags, I want them to have to dig through a pile of dead gooks before they can get their hands on them. And somebody else said, let's take a vote. It's a unanimous vote.

They vote to fight. So they kind of disperse. The sun is up now.

It's getting hotter. Bobby Frain gets behind his M50. He's got a clear field of fire of not only the stairwell, but the British Embassy across the street where maybe they might take fire from. Terry Bennington, a hardscrabble kid, a hardscrabble. He grew up, he had a Dickens childhood. His mother committed suicide trying to kill Terry and his two brothers, but she failed, but she killed herself.

She tried to blow up the house. His father was an alcoholic who basically rented him out to subsistence share farmers who kept him feral, barefoot in a shack to farm tobacco. The Marine Corps was the only family he had ever known, and he's looking around and he's looking around at the 10 other Marines that there is. It's like 11 frayed nerve ends. We're all connected. It's more than being brothers. It's more than loving each other.

We are each other. Dave Norman, a 19-year-old from Ohio, he's up on the helipad. He's laying, he can hear the clanking of the Soviet tanks that the NBA is using.

He could hear the treads clanking coming over the Newport Bridge. And he's thinking, I don't mind dying with these men. I just wish I could get to see my mom and dad one more time before I die. But if I'm going to die, I'm proud to die with these men. Steve Schuler, once earlier in the day, they had opened the gates to let in two American reporters and they had formed a V and Steve was at the end and this Arvin rushed him with his gun and boom, bayoneted him in there. And he stuck his finger in there and he lost consciousness for a moment or so, stuck a dirty rag in there and Top wanted to evacuate him out.

He wouldn't evacuate unless his guys were going to. Steve Schuler is now up on the roof. He's picking through some of the clothes, looking for a clean t-shirt or at least a not so much dirty t-shirt so he could stuff up the pussy bloody wound he has. I mean, these men are all alone with their thoughts. Top Valdez is thinking of his two teenage boys, not much younger than the guys he's in charge with.

And he is thinking how proud he is. And if we die up here, somebody better tell this story. And a superb job on the production of that story and the editing by Greg Hengler. And if you want to read the rest of the story and much more pick up Bob Drury's Last Men Out, the true story of America's heroic final hours in Vietnam. Again, Bob co-authored this fantastic read with Tom Clavin, both of them regular contributors here on our American stories. By the way, 11 frayed nerve ends Bob said about these 11 Marines, these MSGs. It was more than they knew each other. It was more than they loved each other. We were each other. He said about these 11 guys. The story of the last men out of Vietnam here on our American stories.

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Happy streaming. Welcome to 500 Greatest Songs, a podcast based on Rolling Stone's hugely popular, influential, and sometimes controversial list. I'm Brittany Spanos.

And I'm Rob Sheffield. We're here to shed light on the greatest songs ever made and discover what makes them so great. From classics like Fleetwood Mac's Dreams to the Ronettes Be My Baby and modern day classics like The Killer's Mr. Brightside. Listen to Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Songs starting on March 13th on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts.