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Pinocchio was a teenager in Italy when World War II swept him into the gears of history. Here's his son Michael with his father's astonishing story of resistance and survival. If you were 17 and growing up in Milan, Italy, in 1943, more than likely you would have been forced, indoctrinated, and brainwashed into fascism. The dictator of Italy, responsible for it, Benito Mussolini, had been in power since 1922. My dad was born in 1926.
The voice and image of Il Duce, as Italians were obliged to call Mussolini, were ubiquitous in Italy at the time. Mussolini would ultimately drag the country into the Second World War on the side of Germany's Adolf Hitler. My father is now 92 and lives an hour north of Milan. His name is Pinolella. If you had to pick a time to be a teenager in Milan, 1943 would have been the worst of choices.
In June, as my dad was nearing his 17th birthday, the British began an intensive six-month bombing campaign. It left a third of the city's population homeless—about four hundred thousand people. My father's younger brother, my uncle Mimo, narrowly escaped death one night, following the bombing of a movie theater. They were there to see *You Were Never Lovelier* with Fred Astaire and Rita Hayworth, and they witnessed many casualties. My grandfather Michele, in an effort to keep his boys from becoming victims of the continued bombing, sent my father and uncle to a Catholic boys' school.
They were familiar with the school because it was there that they had learned to ski and loved the mountains as children. The school was located high in the Alps, above Lake Como, not far from the Swiss border. It was called Casa Alpina, and it was run by a very courageous priest by the name of Father Luigi Ray. Being the oldest of the boys, my dad was singled out by Father Ray and trained to become an alpine guide. At first, my father knew nothing of the Nazi brutality against Jews and others.
In fact, he had learned to respect the Nazi high command, many of whom were customers of his family's leather goods store in Milan. They had occupied Milan as brothers in arms to defend Milan from the British bombing. But my dad became brutally aware of the Nazi crimes in September of 1943, when word came of 52 prominent Jews being rounded up by the Nazis and executed in the village of Mana on Lago Maggiore. Their bodies were thrown into the lake for the local citizens to see. It was then that many Italians rebelled and began hiding and protecting their Jewish Italian friends.
They formed an underground railroad. For nine harrowing months, while at Casalpina, my father guided many Jewish refugees across the Alps into neutral Switzerland to escape Italy. He risked his life evading Nazi patrols, surviving avalanches and grenade attacks. He was robbed by bandits disguising themselves as anti-fascist partisans. He often carried the weak and the elderly on his back in the dead of winter, over the top of the Alps, some of the world's most rugged mountain terrain.
Some had embarked on this journey with my father in such a way that they wore street shoes, not exactly hiking gear for the Alps and below zero temperatures. At the time, my dad simply did what he was told to do and thought little of it. Father Ray instructed him to take people to safety, and so he did it. He knew it was dangerous, of course, but even to this day, he doesn't think of what he did as heroic. He had faith in doing the right thing, and such a high regard for Father Ray that he would have done anything for him.
The missions gave him an identity, a meaningful purpose, and an opportunity to lead. And like many seventeen-year-olds with reckless abandon, he thrived on the excitement and adventure of it all—at least while it lasted. In June of 1944, my father turned 18, the age at which young Italians were drafted by the state into the military. He had two choices: he could join Mussolini's fascist army and quite likely end up on the Russian front. His other option was to conscript with the German army.
His aunt and uncle had connections that might land him a secure and hopefully a safer job in the organization Tod. This was the armament and the construction division of the Third Reich. For his safety, but against his wishes, Pinot's father and mother talked him into enlisting in the German army. Dad reluctantly donned the military uniform with the Nazi swastika. What happened next was almost unbelievable.
Through a series of extraordinary circumstances, including his wounding during an Allied bombing raid, my father was ordered back to Milan to convalesce for two weeks. Then, with a little help from family and his ability to speak French and drive a car, he landed a position as the personal driver. Confidant for one of Hitler's most mysterious officers in the German High Command, he was a man so powerful in Italy that he responded directly, personally, and only to Adolf Hitler. His name was General Hans Lers, the plenipotentiary of the Italian sector for Organization Tod. Du Pinot's aunt and uncle.
His assignment as a driver for such a powerful figure was a serendipitous opportunity of a lifetime. It could help change the direction of the war. They understood the importance of it because they were already working in secret for the Allies and the Italian resistance. The kind of information their nephew would now have access to could be critical for the fight against the Germans. My father, still a teenager, as a new and personal driver for this top Nazi commander, became a spy known to the Allies as the Observer.
For the last year of the war, while driving General Lays around northern Italy, my dad learned the locations of tank traps, landmines, ammunition tunnels, and every fortification between Florence and Milan. He observed the Germans' main defensive positions. He secretly documented troop movements. He took notes and photos, and he fed mounds of that crucial information to the Allies by using Uncle Albert's shortwave OSS radio. More than once, my father was nearly caught, which would likely have led to torture and execution.
But he kept the trust of an unwitting general. Layers, my dad personally witnessed the Nazi persecution of Jews, as well as the working to death of slaves from many faiths and nationalities in work camps. Hoping and dreaming that one day he could testify against those responsible. At midnight on April twenty fourth, nineteen forty five. Upon orders from the resistance, my father single-handedly arrested General Hanslayers and delivered him to the American command, which was led by Fifth U.S.
Army Major Frank Nabel. For the next five days, he became Major Nabel's personal guide and translator. At last, discarding his uniform and the Nazi swastika, on April 28. Pino and Major Nabel witness a hideous moment in Italian history: the public desecration of Mussolini's body in Piazzale Loreto, amid the hysteria and fanaticism of the frenzied Italian mobs. Hitler killed himself in Berlin two days later.
With the deaths of the two fascist dictators, my father thought he was finished with the war. But in fact, the war wasn't quite finished with him. In early May, the famous Brenner Pass through the Alps was the most dangerous corner of Europe. The German army was retreating from Italy through the pass into Austria. Thousands of Nazi troops who refused to surrender were on the run, being chased down and cut off by Italian resistance fighters and the U.S.
Army. In the midst of this. My father was asked if he would do America a favor and accept the final mission. The Americans asked my dad to be a guide one last time, leading one final escape from Italy. His mission was to drive an important, high-ranking Nazi from American custody to the Austrian border, where he could safely be interrogated for the intelligence he possessed about Hitler's Reich.
Who was this top general? My dad was enlisted to escort to safety none other than the very man he had dreamed for, the very man he had arrested and turned over to the Allies just weeks before, General Hans Lays. Distraught and tormented over the events of the last week of the war, my father accepted that final mission. You can only imagine the conversation in the car between my dad and General Lays. By the evening of that same day, May third, nineteen forty-five, my dad delivered General Lair's to the Americans awaiting for him on the Austrian border.
That final escort ended my father's involvement in World War II, but like many of that greatest generation, the experience and the weeks preceding the war's end continued to haunt him for the rest of his life. The story of Pinolella. Celebrating Italian American Heritage Month all October long here on our American Stories. That feeling when you check your bank account and your paychecks days away, and of course your calendar's all good news with Chase Secure Banking. Your direct deposit hits your bank account up to two days faster.
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Liberty has never been just a word to we Americans. It has guided every one of our endeavors for the past 250 years, and now it takes form in a new way: the 2026 semi-quintennial coin and medal program from the United States Mint. It celebrates the founding ideals that have long shaped our coinage. Available one year only, this historic collection features new coin designs, limited edition releases, and reissues. Shop new official coins at usmint.gov/semiq.
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