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Fidelity active ETFs have the flexibility to shift and transform as markets do the same.
So instead of just riding an index, they can seek to outperform it by adapting to market conditions and pursuing new opportunities as they emerge. And while you get the potential outperformance of an actively managed fund, you can still buy and sell it on your terms just like any other ETF. Markets can change in real time. Make sure your ETF can too. Learn more at fidelity.com/slash active ETFs.
Before investing in any exchange-traded fund, you should consider its investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses. Contact Fidelity for a prospectus, an offering circular, or if available, a summary prospectus containing this information. Read it carefully. While active ETFs offer the potential to outperform an index, these products may more significantly trail an index as compared with passive ETFs. ETFs are subject to market fluctuation and the risks of their underlying investments.
ETFs are subject to management fees and other expenses. Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC, member NYSE, SIPC. This is Lee Habib, and this is Our American Stories. House Resolution 8 was introduced on March 5th. 1838.
The bill was drafted following a duel between U.S. congressmen. Here to tell the story is Ashley Lebinsky. Ashley is the former co-host of Discovery Channel's Master of Arms. And she's also the co-founder of the University of Wyoming College of Laws Firearms Research Center.
Here's Ashley. When you think about duels, you usually think of two men that have a bone to pick with each other. And I think the most well-known duel is the one between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burke. But what I don't think a lot of people realize is that dueling, which has been around for hundreds and hundreds of years, is often an illegal practice. I think sometimes we think when you romanticize the past that these duels that occurred were things that were allowed or sanctioned.
Maybe they were looked down upon, but they weren't illegal. And in that duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr, Burr was actually indicted for killing Hamilton, but political favor made sure that the charges were dropped. But he was indicted for murder. The other thing that comes to mind when you think about duels are pistols. Uh And pistols for a long time were the weapon of choice for dueling, although prior to the invention of guns, swords were used about as much.
You fucking. Yeah. But in 1838, two congressmen made the peculiar decision to use rifles. and the rest is relatively embarrassing history. The Code Duello was the kind of set of rules.
It was the practice of dueling and honor that was created in the 1770s that was overseas. And it's actually a quite comprehensive list where someone offends another, and that offender needs to apologize first. And if the apology doesn't go forward, then they can go to taking next steps in preparing for a duel. But even then, death is not necessarily the result of all duels.
So, a lot of times it goes until first blood.
So, once somebody is hit with a firearm, then you can choose to end it. You can also choose to end it if two people fire and nothing happens, they don't hit anybody.
So, there's just a lot of rules that go into the code that people honor when it comes to duels.
So, usually, the person that challenges one to a duel, they then give the honor, I guess is the word, of the person that's been challenged to choose the weapon.
So, for the most part, you see dueling pistols, which are smooth bore pistols. And it's important to point out the smooth bore part of it because a smooth bore pistol doesn't have rifling, and rifling makes a firearm more accurate. But choosing something that would have rifling puts a lot more seriousness onto the duel itself. And the duel that I'm talking about took place in February of 1838, and it was actually between two congressmen, Representative Jonathan Silly of Maine and Representative William Graves of Kentucky, who prior to their duels weren't known to have any beef with one another. And the fight that kind of ensues, what leads up to this duel, is I feel like kind of a nothing burger.
So there's an article that comes out in the New York Courier and Inquirer that accuses a senator anonymously. They don't name the senator, but it accuses a senator of corruption. And the editor of the newspaper, James Watson Webb, Really wants to kind of push Congress to create an investigation. And then Representative Silly actually denounces the claims and he responds in the paper on February 12th of that year. And Webb takes offense at this.
He does not like that someone is trying to put resistance on exposing someone that may have corruption. Maybe Representative Silly knew that person, I don't know. But Representative Graves gets involved because he operates kind of as Webb's correspondent.
So, Graves isn't really involved at all, but he knows Webb and he works as kind of like an intermediary between Graves and Silly.
So, Webb writes a note that he wants passed on to Representative Silly, and so Graves decides to try to send the note to Silly, who doesn't want to have anything to do with it. He's declining it because he doesn't really want to have the drama in his life, but he says that it's not for any grander political gesture. But Graves doesn't really see it that way, and he takes significant offense. And he sees it as almost the metaphorical first shot. And that it's not just an attack on Webb's honor, but refusing the note is an attack on his honor.
Which, you know, it's kind of silly when you think about it because this is a man that really has no problem with this person the same month of the duel and then kind of wedges himself in between a fight between two other people and now he's offended. And so he challenges Representative Silly to a duel. And they name their seconds, and their seconds are George Jones of Wisconsin and Henry Rise of Virginia. And the seconds are trying to kind of convince them to not do this because you can make an apology and have that accepted and you don't have to go forward with it. You don't have to always go forward with the duel.
And then silly, so he's been challenged, so then he gets to choose the weapon, and the weapon that he chooses are rifles. And I'm not 100% sure, but I feel like rifles have probably never been used in a duel. Certainly not as high-profile as this. But he chooses rifles, and they believe that he chooses this because he knows that Graves has like zero experience with rifles. He actually has to borrow one in order to take it to the duel.
So I think Silly thinks he's getting the upper hand, even though they're technically using a far more accurate weapon than you would normally be using in a duel.
So, Grave ends up borrowing a Henry Derringer in .44 caliber, and Derringer is a well-known Philadelphia gunmaker. He's usually most well-known for the single-shot pistol that bears his name, and now there's a whole genre of small pistols called Derringers. But he also made really nice long rifles and military muskets.
So, Grave borrows a Derringer, and Representative Silly actually goes and has a rifle that's made by a man named Tryon, and he's also in Philadelphia. And that name's not as well known, but it's also a pretty iconic gunmaker of the time. On february 24th of 1838 The two men go to Bladensburg dueling grounds and they prepare for this battle of honor.
So they set up for the duel and they go to fire their first shots. And when they do that, they miss both of their first shots.
So after this, all the people that came to watch the duel, they're trying to stop them from doing this. Yo, you both fired a gun. You're good enough. You can call it quits. But they decide to continue on.
And the next shot was even more embarrassing because on the next shot, people thought Graves was actually hit. And he admits that he was not hit. He was actually startled. By firing his own rifle, he fired it before he was ready.
So he put his finger on the trigger too soon and he fired the gun and he got spooked by it. But on the third try, Graves, of all people, so you've got this guy who has zero, pretty much zero experience with a rifle, has to borrow one. Graves is the one that hits silly in the thigh. And Silly will succumb to his injuries at the dueling grounds. In response to this very high-profile duel, the government tries to set forth, quote, To prohibit the giving or accepting within the District of Columbia of a challenge to fight a duel and for the punishment thereof.
But it wouldn't completely deter dueling, however. And for those who are familiar, congressmen don't exactly stop hurting each other in the 1800s. And there's also the really iconically known caning of Charles Sumner that occurs on the House floor as tensions heat up leading to the American Civil War.
So they might have traded in their guns for canes, but they're still fighting each other about as much, despite there being law to kind of help quell those angers. But today, at least, you don't see physical duels occurring on Capitol Hill. But I feel like it could probably be said that proverbial dueling continues. And while no one actually dies, some may argue it's all as childish as in the past and accomplishes just as little in terms of forward progress. And a terrific job in the production, editing, and storytelling by our own Greg Hengler.
And a special thanks to Ashley Lebinsky. She's a frequent contributor here at Our American Story. She's the former co-host of Discovery Channel's Master of Arms. And she's also the co-founder of the University of Wyoming College of Law's Firearms Research Center. And what a story we heard, these two representatives.
They found themselves in a duel and chose, of all weapons, a rifle. And we learn an interesting bunch of facts about duels. If they don't have to end in death, that in the end, once blood is drawn, that could end a duel, or they could shoot and both miss and end it there. Neither of those things happened in the first two rounds. And by the third round, well, Silly had been struck by graves, and would later succumb.
To his wounds from a shot to the thigh. This was back in February of 1838. The story of dueling in America, the story of two U.S. congressmen who dueled with rifles, here on Our American Stories. This is Julian Edelman from Games with Names.
I want to take a second to talk about something that's personal to me. I've had the privilege of working closely with Robert Kraft for a long time. And one thing I've always respected is how seriously he takes up standing up to hate. As a Jewish athlete my identity is something I am proud of. but I also know what it feels like to be singled out for it.
That's why this new commercial for the Blue Square Alliance Against Hate that aired during the big game really hit home. It's about showing up for someone when they're targeted, even if you don't have the perfect words. And sometimes standing next to someone is enough. And you can show support by sharing the blue square. Hi, I'm Julianne Moore.
I learn a lot from every role. But some things stay with me more than others. like the impact of Alzheimer's disease. It's important to think about brain health now. Because there's so much we want to do.
Um Acting early to protect brain health may help reduce the risk of dementia from conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Ask your doctor about your risk factors and for a cognitive assessment. Learn more at brainhealthmatters.com. This is a paid partnership with Lilly. Fidelity active ETFs have the flexibility to shift and transform as markets do the same.
So instead of just riding an index, they can seek to outperform it by adapting to market conditions and pursuing new opportunities as they emerge. And while you get the potential outperformance of an actively managed fund, you can still buy and sell it on your terms, just like any other ETF. Markets can change in real time. Make sure your ETF can too. Learn more at fidelity.com/slash active ETFs.
Before investing in any exchange-traded fund, you should consider its investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses. Contact Fidelity for a prospectus, an offering circular, or if available, a summary prospectus containing this information. Read it carefully. While active ETFs offer the potential to outperform an index, these products may more significantly trail an index as compared with passive ETFs. ETFs are subject to market fluctuation and the risks of their underlying investments.
ETFs are subject to management fees and other expenses. Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC member NYSE SIPC. You know that feeling when a story just grabs you and won't let go? That's the kind of drama that's waiting for you on Disney Hulu. Mysterious post-apocalyptic thrillers like the acclaimed Hulu original Paradise, action-adventure dramas like Daredevil Born Again, and iconic medical dramas like Gray's Anatomy.
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