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What you will see is a vehicle that can take punch after punch and keep rolling. Nissan, number one in new vehicle quality among mainstream brands by JD Power. We put it through the worst, so you get its best. Wow. For JD Power 2025 U.S.
Initial Quality Study Award information, visit JDpower.com/slash awards. Awards based on 2025 model year, newer models may be shown. Support for the show comes from Public, the investing platform for those who take it seriously. On Public, you can build a multi-asset portfolio of stocks, bonds, options, crypto, and now generated assets, which allow you to turn any idea into an investable index with AI. It all starts with your prompt.
From renewable energy companies with high-free cash flow to semiconductor suppliers growing revenue over 20% year over year, you can literally type any prompt and put the AI to work. It screens thousands of stocks, builds a one-of-a-kind index, and lets you backtest it against the SP 500. Then you can invest in a few clicks. Generated assets are like ETFs with infinite possibilities, completely customizable and based on your thesis, not someone else's. Go to public.com/slash podcast and earn an uncapped 1% bonus when you transfer your portfolio.
That's public.com/slash podcast. Paid for by Public Investing. Brokerage Services by Open to the Public Investing Inc. member FINRA and SIPC. Advisory Services by Public Advisors LLC, SEC Registered Advisor.
Generated Assets. Is an interactive analysis tool. Output is for informational purposes only and is not an investment recommendation or advice. Complete disclosures are available at public.com/slash disclosures.
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Semaglotide injection 0.5 milligram, 1 milligram, and 2 milligrams. This is Lee Habib, and this is Our American Stories. And we tell stories about everything here on this show. Much of what America and the world knows about Doc Holiday comes from movies and TV. But historians agree no movie portrayal has done real justice to his story.
Roger McGrath is the author of Gunfighters, Halloween, and Vigilantes: Violence on the Frontier. A U.S. Marine and former history professor at UCLA, he's a regular contributor for us here at Our American Stories. Here's McGrath. with the story of Doc Holiday.
Doc Holiday was not only one of the most colorful characters in the Old West, but also one of the most feared. He acquired the nickname of Doc Honestly, earning a degree in dentistry and practicing in several towns.
However, he eventually spent nearly all his time as a professional gambler and occasionally as a gunfighter. He had a vicious temper and feared no man, perhaps because tuberculosis had already given him a death sentence. Doc Holliday is born John Henry Holiday in 1851 in Griffin, Georgia, about 40 miles south of Atlanta. His parents are of South Carolina pioneer stock, of Scotch, Irish, and English ancestry. Doc's father, Henry Holliday, is an attorney who fights the Indians in 1838, the Mexicans in 1846, and the Yankees in 1861, rising to the rank of major in the Civil War before being forced by illness to resign his commission.
Doc has a comfortable middle-class childhood and receives a good education. His mother, Alice, is a classic Southern bell. She teaches him manners and etiquette, while his father regales him with war stories and tales of survival. Doc is only nine years old when the Civil War erupts in 1861. Three years later, the family flees General Sherman's march to the sea and moves farther south to Valdosta, where Doc is enrolled in the Valdosta Institute and studies all the subjects common to classical education.
including rhetoric, history, and Latin. He wishes that instead of studying he was fighting the Yankees. Nonetheless, Doc is a good student and receives an excellent education considering the Civil War, which by the fall of 1864 is ravaging Georgia. Here's Doc Holiday biographer Gary Roberts. He was popular.
He was good on the dance floor. He learned all the proper social graces. Uh he was polite. and he seems to have gotten along well with most people. But he also had an ornery side.
They tell a story that a boy challenged him to a duel.
Now, all of the friends, the people of these two boys. Assumed it would be, was going to be a fake duel. They were going to load pistols with powder and shoot powder at each other, and it was just going to be a make-believe duel. But John Henry, they said, showed up with a loaded revolver and said he would use his own gun for the duel.
Well, needless to say, the other boy backed down very quickly, so he had a streak in him. In september, eighteen sixty six, after two years of painful suffering, Doc's mother dies tuberculosis, known then as consumption. Here's Old West historian Jeff Moray and Victoria Wilcox, author of Southern Sun: The Saga of Doc Holiday. They called it consumption because it sort of consumed you. It was a very long, slow disease, and it would really eat you away from the inside out.
And the classic way to die of consumption was really to suffocate. From 1800 to 1870, One out of five deaths in America was attributed to consumption. He's always been close to his mother, and her death comes as a great blow. his bad temper, which he inherited from his father, worsens. The blondhaired, blue eyed, boyish looking fifteen year old John Henry Holliday is not physically imposing, but as other boys learn, he is no one to trifle with.
In 1870, Doc is off to the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery, considered one of the best dental schools in the nation. At just twenty years of age, Doc graduates in eighteen seventy two near the top of his class and begins practicing in Atlanta during the summer. Here's Professor Arnett Gaston and Victoria Wilcox. He graduates so early an age that it was difficult for him to set up practice because he wasn't old enough yet. A clear testimony to his achievement, his critical thinking skills, and he was good.
Doc Holliday was the epitome of a Southern gentleman, which meant that he was mannerly and likely also hot-tempered, all those things that go along with living in the South during the Civil War and Reconstruction. There's a story that a gold crown he made for a girl's molar was still in place when she died at the age of 102 in 1967. Here's Old West historian Stephen Shaw. He came home, he opened up his own practice with another gentleman. Here's a young man, 21, 22 years of age.
Six foot tall or almost, a doctor, very good looking according to the records, a good catch for any woman. Doc would have married a genteel woman and started a family. At night, he would sit by the parlor fire in his comfortable Georgia home, and he would die in old age, surrounded by loved ones. Instead, Doc Holliday starts coughing. Doc begins to rapidly lose weight, has night fevers, weakness, and his coughing up of blood begins to interfere with his practice.
He goes to a doctor and is found to have, like his mother, tuberculosis, at the time, a fatal disease. The cause isn't known, and there is no cure. He is given six months to live.
However, he is told that the drier climate of the American West might prolong his life by as much as two years. Rather than die bedridden, Doc begins packing. The family is upset no one more than his cousin Mattie Holliday, a beautiful blonde who has had a crush on Doc for years. She will correspond with Doc and pine for him. The biggest problem if this is the case was that well First cousins marrying was very common.
It was not common among Catholics. And she was Catholic. And when we come back, we'll continue with the story of Doc Holiday here on Our American Stories. This is Lee Habib, and this is Our American Stories. And all of our history stories are brought to us by our generous sponsors, including Hillsdale College, where students go to learn all the things that are beautiful in life.
and all the things that matter in life. If you can't get to Hillsdale, Hillsdale will come to you with their free and terrific online courses. Go to hillsdale.edu. That's hillsdale.edu. We've been duped, hoodwinked, conned for 50 years.
The lawn care industry sold us toxins in a bag and made our yards more toxic than a bad relationship. Sunday helps you ditch the chemicals and feed your lawn the good stuff: soybean proteins, iron, seaweed, molasses, ingredients that get your soil giggling like an overserved mom at the block party. Sunday uses clean ingredients in real science for thicker, greener grass. Order today and get your custom Sunday yard plan for the season ahead. Sunday for a smarter, healthier yard.
GetSunday.com. No one knows what the future holds, but you deserve a weather app that can help. Weatherbug is easy to use and provides forecasts for your every need, from storm warnings to pollen levels, right at your fingertips. Get the fastest local alerts and comprehensive 10-day forecasts wherever you are. It's hyper-local, real-time, customizable alerts.
Make sure the weather never takes you by surprise so you can plan every day with confidence. Download the free weather bug app from the App Store today and start getting accurate weather forecasts 24-7. Hello, hello, I'm Malcolm Glaubwell, host of Smart Talks with IBM. I recently spoke with IBM's new Director of Research, Jake M. Pata.
We discussed his vision for the future of quantum computing. At IBM Research, what we always do is answer: what is the future of computing? Whether it's coming up with new algorithms, coming up with better AI, coming up with quantum, or coming up with just how do different accelerators go together. It's our DNA to answer the question of what is the future. Isn't it a perfect problem for IBM because you kind of need to have a legacy of building stuff?
Yes, sir. Building actual Physical machines. Yeah, it's why I came to IBM. I wanted the experience The culture of building hard things. that others have not done before.
Where do you imagine we are in the timeline of this technology? There will come a point. When it will mature, right? My cell phone is a mature technology at this point. How far are we from that point with content?
By 2029, we'll build the first fault-tolerant quantum computer. That is one that can run a very, very large Large problem. To learn how IBM is building the future of computing, Visit ibm.com slash quantum. You won't see the engineer that slams the Nissan Rogue's door 13,920 times, or the corrosive chamber that simulates 15 years of life in five months, or the rogue heat-baked for over 300 combined hours. What you will see is a vehicle that can take punch after punch and keep rolling.
Nissan, number one in new vehicle quality among mainstream brands by JD Power. We put it through the worst, so you get its best. Yeah. For JD Power 2025 US Initial Quality Study Award information, visit jdpower.com/slash awards. Awards based on 2025 model year, newer models may be shown.
Support for the show comes from Public, the investing platform for those who take it seriously. On Public, you can build a multi-asset portfolio of stocks, bonds, options, crypto, and now generated assets, which allow you to turn any idea into an investable index with AI. It all starts with your prompt. From renewable energy companies with high-free cash flow to semiconductor suppliers growing revenue over 20% year over year, you can literally type any prompt and put the AI to work. It screens thousands of stocks, builds a one-of-a-kind index, and lets you backtest it against the SP 500.
Then you can invest in a few clicks. Generated assets are like ETFs with infinite possibilities, completely customizable and based on your thesis, not someone else's. Go to public.com/slash podcast and earn an uncapped 1% bonus when you transfer your portfolio. That's public.com/slash podcast. Paid for by Public Investing.
Brokerage Services by Open to the Public Investing Inc. member Finra and SIPC. Advisory Services by Public Advisors LLC, SEC Registered Advisor. Generated Assets is an interactive analysis tool. Output is for informational purposes only and is not an investment recommendation or advice.
Complete disclosures available at public.com/slash disclosures. And we continue here on Our American Stories and the Story of Doc Holliday. Let's return to Roger McGrath. Um Maddie eventually enters the Sisters of Mary convent in Savannah. Doc Holiday boards a train for Dallas, Texas.
to, as they say, die with his boots on. But first, Doc opens a dental practice. Although he does excellent dental work, his coughing fits again cause his practice to decline. More and more Doc turns to gambling for income and has surprising success. He has a memory for cards dealt, can quickly calculate odds, and can handle a deck with extraordinary dexterity.
He also possesses an excellent poker face. the knowledge of his imminent death make it easy for him to hide his emotions and draw the next guard, or when necessary, draw his gun. On New Year's Day, eighteen seventy five, Doc Getz into his first documented shootout. It's with the proprietor of a saloon, Charles Austin, who goes by the nickname Champagne Charlie for the popular song of the time. The song is lighthearted, and so is the report in the Dallas newspaper.
Dr. Holliday and mister Austin, a saloon keeper, relieved the monotony of the noise of firecrackers by taking a couple of shots at each other yesterday afternoon. The cheerful note of the peaceful six shooter is heard once more among us. No one is hit and all is forgiven. Duck decides it's good time to leave the state and pursue the roving life of a gambler, chasing the next big pot from Boomtown to Boomtown across the West.
He arrives in Denver during the summer of 1875 and goes to work as a pharaoh dealer at John Babbs Saloon. It's not long before he gets into a close quarters fight with Bud Ryan. Both men draw knives and slash away. Both are wounded. Ryan seriously.
On the 4th of July, 1877, in Breckenridge, Texas, Doc gets into a fight with another gambler, Henry Kahn. Here again is Victoria Wilcox. And according to this story, Holiday pulled a cane and hit him, and Cann pulled a gun and shot Holiday. We don't know which man was in the right or the wrong. We don't even know what they were fighting about or whether they were both just drunk and disorderly.
But the newspaper went on to say that Holiday had been killed and Cann disappeared from town. We know the report is at least a little bit inaccurate because, of course, Holliday was still alive and he actually returned back to Dallas. Duck slowly recovers and, when healthy, moves to Fort Griffin, Texas, to deal cards at pugilist John Shaughnessy's saloon. While in Fort Griffin, he meets and falls for Mary Catherine Haroni. A curvaceous twenty six-year-old, better known as Big Nose Kate, Well, Kate doesn't actually have a big nose, but her nickname comes from a nosy nature.
Hungarian born, Kate works as a dance hall girl and occasionally as a prostitute. She is described as highly intelligent, tough, stubborn, and fearless. It's also at Fort Griffin, where Doc meets a man who will change his life from denizen gambler to legend. 30-year-old Wyatt Earp is serving as a deputy U.S. Marshal and has come down from Dodge City, Kansas, looking for an outlaw.
Doc and Wyatt hit it off immediately. It's the start of the Wild West's most famous friendship. One evening in 1878 while in Fort Griffin, Doc is arrested for killing a bully during a card game. Although it is done in self-defense, Doc is jailed and a lynch mob begins to form outside. But Doc has an ally.
Kate intervenes, setting fire to a barn in the center of town. While everybody runs to put out the fire, she puts a gun on the jailer and tells him to open the door. Doc and Kate escaped north to the biggest boomtown of them all. Dodge City, also known as Hell on the Plains. and joins up with Wyatt, who is working as the assistant city marshal.
Here's Old West historian Andrew Nelson. Uh Daesh City of the 1870s was one of the most notorious of frontier towns. It was a town with no law. where buffalo hunters, soldiers, vagrants made hay of the town every night. Uh Doc establishes a dental practice, but spends more of his time gambling than drilling and filling teeth.
He's dealing cards at the Long Branch Saloon when into the saloon come a half-dozen wild characters, a ragtag gang of cattle wrestlers, stagecoach bandits, and thuggish outlaws led by Ed Morrison, a man who has been humiliated by Wyatt in Wichita several years earlier and has been itching to get even. Yeah. They begin shooting their guns into the air and harassing customers. Hearing the gunfire, Wyatt runs into the long branch, only to find six deadly characters with their guns leveled at him. Morrison warns him.
Pray and jerk your gun. Your time has come, Earp. Wyatt reckons he's dead. But Doc steps up behind Morrison, puts a gun to the outlaw's head, and tells him and his boys to drop their guns. Do what he says, boys.
They comply. Wyatt says Doc saved his life that day, and Wyatt never forgets what Doc has done for him. When word comes of a Silver Strike a tombstone in Arizona Territory, Several of Dodge City's gamblers and gunslingers head west. Doc travels with Kate. Along the way, they spend some time in Las Vegas, New Mexico, where Doc decides to open his own saloon.
Here's Victoria Wilcox. Of course, Doc was in trouble with the law again because Las Vegas had laws just like all western towns did against operating gambling games in houses of spiritous liquors.
So he just did what other businessmen did and paid the fines and went right on operating his gambling games. He also had arrests for carrying a deadly weapon. Which was also part of business in a saloon because a saloon owner was expected to police his own business and had to be armed to protect his patrons from violence. One of the patrons is former Army Scout Mike Gordon. After a dispute, Gordon steps out into the street and fires a couple of rounds into the saloon.
Gun in hand, Doc comes running outside and drills Gordon. He's mortally wounded and dies the next day. By September 1880, Doc arrives in the violent boom town in Tombstone, Arizona, joining the Earps in what is a factional fight to control the town. The Heart of the Tombstone Story. has to do with the growing animosity between the Earp faction and what's called the Cowboy faction.
The Cowboys run a lucrative operation, rustling cattle and robbing stagecoaches. They are all handy with guns, including William Brocious, better known as Curly Bill, who shoots to death Tombstone City Marshal Fred White. Johnny Ringo and Frank Stilwell are also members of the Cowboy faction with reputations for fast and fancy shooting. Leading the rustling are old man Clanton and three of his sons, Ike, Finn, and Billy. and their close friends, the MacLowry brothers, Tom and Frank.
The Cowboy faction has Cochise County Sheriff Johnny Behan, County Supervisor Mike Joyce. and the publisher of the Daily Nugget, Harry Woods, on its side. The Earp faction consists of the five Earp brothers: Wyatt, Virgil, Morgan, James, and Warren. And Doc Holiday. Judge Wells Spicer.
Tombstone mayor and publisher of the Tombstone Epitaph, John Clum, and several prominent businessmen. Virgil Erp is both a deputy U.S. Marshal and the City Marshal of Tombstone. The Arab faction could be called the Law and Order faction. But the Earps and associates are as much concerned about their business interests and who controls the town.
How's about law and order? And you've been listening to Roger McGrath telling the real story of Doc Holiday. And by the way, he's doing his best to synthesize. Many of the stories that are out there, but in a far greater depth and detail. than we ever experience while just watching a movie or watching a T V version of the story.
And when we continue, the rest of the remarkable story of the life of Doc Holiday. Here. On our American stories. We've been duped, hoodwinked, conned for 50 years. The lawn care industry sold us toxins in a bag and made our yards more toxic than a bad relationship.
Sunday helps you ditch the chemicals and feed your lawn the good stuff: soybean proteins, iron, seaweed, molasses, ingredients that get your soil giggling like an overserved mom at the block party. Sunday uses clean ingredients in real science for thicker, greener grass. Order today and get your custom Sunday yard plan for the season ahead. Sunday for a smarter, healthier yard. GetSunday.com.
No one knows what the future holds, but you deserve a weather app that can help. Weatherbug is easy to use and provides forecasts for your every need, from storm warnings to pollen levels, right at your fingertips. Get the fastest local alerts and comprehensive 10-day forecasts wherever you are. It's hyper-local, real-time, customizable alerts. Make sure the weather never takes you by surprise so you can plan every day with confidence.
Download the free weather bug app from the App Store today and start getting accurate weather forecasts 24-7. Hello, hello. I'm Malcolm Glabwell, host of Smart Talks with IBM. I recently spoke with IBM's new director of research, Jake M. Pata.
We discussed his vision for the future of quantum computing. At IBM Research, what we always do is answer: what is the future of computing? Whether it's coming up with new algorithms, coming up with better AI, coming up with quantum, or coming up with just how do different accelerators go together. It's our DNA to answer the question of what is the future. Isn't it a perfect problem for IBM because you kind of need to have a legacy of building stuff?
Yes. Building actual Physical machines. Yeah, it's why I came to IBM. I wanted the experience. The culture of building hard things.
that others have not done before. Where do you imagine we are in the timeline of this technology? There will come a point. When it will mature, right? My cell phone is a mature technology at this point.
How far are we from that point with content? By 2029, we'll build the first fault-tolerant quantum computer. That is one that can run a very, very large large problem. To learn how IBM is building the future of computing, visit ibm.com/slash quantum. You won't see the engineer that slams the Nissan Rogue's door 13,920 times, or the corrosive chamber that simulates 15 years of life in five months, or the rogue heat-baked for over 300 combined hours.
What you will see is a vehicle that can take punch after punch and keep rolling. Nissan, number one in new vehicle quality among mainstream brands by JD Power. We put it through the worst, so you get its best. For JD Power 2025 US Initial Quality Study Award information, visit jdpower.com/slash awards. Awards based on 2025 model year, newer models may be shown.
Support for the show comes from Public, the investing platform for those who take it seriously. On Public, you can build a multi-asset portfolio of stocks, bonds, options, crypto, and now generated assets, which allow you to turn any idea into an investable index with AI. It all starts with your prompt. From renewable energy companies with high-free cash flow to semiconductor suppliers growing revenue over 20% year over year, you can literally type any prompt and put the AI to work. It screens thousands of stocks, builds a one-of-a-kind index, and lets you backtest it against the SP 500.
Then you can invest in a few clicks. Generated assets are like ETFs with infinite possibilities, completely customizable and based on your thesis, not someone else's. Go to public.com/slash podcast and earn an uncapped 1% bonus when you transfer your portfolio. That's public.com/slash podcast. Paid for by Public Investing.
Brokerage Services by Open to the Public Investing Inc. member Finra and SIPC. Advisory Services by Public Advisors LLC, SEC Registered Advisor. Generated Assets is an interactive analysis tool. Output is for informational purposes only and is not an investment recommendation or advice.
Complete disclosures available at public.com/slash disclosures. And we continue with the story of Doc Holiday here on Our American Stories. And we return. to Roger McGrath. Yeah.
Various members of the cowboy faction are fond of drinking in tombstone saloons, firing their guns, and generally raising hell. They've also been heard threatening to kill the Earps in holiday. Virgil gets the City Council to pass an ordinance stating that upon arrival in Tombstone, cowboys must deposit their guns at various locations in the city. The countdown to the most. famous gunfight in Western history begins in a bar.
Several of the cowboys arrive in town on October 25th, 1881, and begin drinking and gambling. Doc Holliday, who's also drinking heavily, gets into an argument with Ike Clanton in the Alhambra saloon. Before it turns deadly, others interfere, and Wyatt walks Doc to his quarters and tells him to sleep it off. Here again is Gary Roberts. The next morning, After a peculiar thing happened, and that is that Ike Clinton and Virgil Erp stayed up most of the night playing cards with each other in the same card game.
But the next morning Before Virgil or anybody else had gotten up. Ike Clinton is already walking the streets looking for the Yurt brothers. Ike stays in the saloons and around mid-morning retrieves his guns from the West End corral where he had deposited them. Ike's still drinking, and now he's threatening to kill Holiday when he sees him. Upon hearing this, Doc crawls out of bed, sharpens his fatalistic wit, and cracks If God lets me live long enough to get my clothes on, He shall see me.
Anyway. Virgin or is alerted. And taking Morgan, his deputy, with him, they find Ike with a revolver on his hip and a Winchester in his hand. Morgan confronts Ike. while Virgil approaches from behind.
With the drunken Ike focusing on Morgan, Virgil knocks him senseless using a revolver as a club. Morgan and Virgil disarm Ike and drag him to the courthouse, where he's fined $25 for violating the city ordinance. He's told you can retrieve his guns when he is leaving town.
Okay. Here's Jeff Moray. Virgil would have been justified in killing Iclan. And I think it's a mistake that the Earps make. They're too lenient with Ike.
Basically, what they do all morning long is allow Ike to build ahead of steam. He gets angrier and angrier. What's bizarre about it is, it seems the more you ignore this fellow, the angrier he gets. They keep thinking he's gonna finally drink enough. Go to sleep.
And he'll be out of their hair, and it never happens. While all this is going on, Wyatt Earth pistol whips Tom McLowry and leaves him bleeding in the street. Early afternoon finds Ike Clanton and Tom McLowry in a doctor's office getting their head wounds stitched. At the same time, Billy Clanton and Frank McLowry ride into town and stop at the Grand Hotel. They learn of the beatings of their brothers and don't deposit their guns.
Within minutes, they join up with their wounded and unarmed brothers on Fremont Street, not far from the O'Kay Corral. The day is cold and windy. There's a dusting of snow in places. Virgil Earp gathers his forces, Wyatt and Morgan Earp. But not duck.
Where are you going'? says Doc. We're going to make a fight, replies Wyatt.
Well, you're not gonna leave me out of it, are you? This is none of your affair. That is a hell of a thing for you to say to me. It's gonna be a tough one. Tough ones are the kind I like.
Here's old West historian and gunfighter Drew Gomber. accompanying the Earps down to the OK Corral was a big deal 'cause, you know, he didn't have to go, which uh would indicate loyalty in the extreme. They risk your life for for your friend. All are armed with revolvers, but Virgil gives his east in the hole, Doc Holiday, a Wells Fargo 10-gauge double-barreled shotgun to hide under his overcoat. He also deputizes Doc.
Here's Old West historian Tom Ross. Virgil had other deputies. He doesn't take those deputies, he takes his brothers, Wyatt and Morgan. And then he drags along Doc Holiday. This is like bringing a match to a party full of gas cans.
The four lawmen walk shoulder to shoulder down the center of Fremont Street and find the Cowboys in a small, fifteen foot wide, dusty, vacant lot next to Fly's photography studio. Here again is Drew Gomber. This is only a 15-foot-wide alley that contained nine men and two horses. They were so close that when they initially entered the alley, Doc took his shotgun and pressed it right into Tom McClowry's belly. Then he took a few steps back.
So these guys, it was up close and personal for everybody. Virgiler calls for Billy Clanton and Frank McLowry, the only two cowboys armed, to surrender their guns. They refuse. What happens next is a matter of great debate. Waiter probably fires first, hitting Frank McLowry in the stomach.
Billy Clanton fires at nearly the same time. Unarmed Tom McLowry tries to take cover behind a horse and reach for a rifle and a scabbard on the horse, but Doc Holliday steps to the side and lets both barrels of the shotgun roar. Tom McLowry staggers into the street and collapses. Unarmed Ike Clanton takes off running.
Meanwhile, Virgil Earp fires a round that hits Billy Clanton in his gunhand. Billy gamely switches his gun to his other hand and fires, drilling Virgil in the leg. Morganerp fires a round that hits Billy in the chest. Despite suffering several wounds, Billy Clant and Frank McLowry continue firing. Morgan Earp is hit in the shoulder and Doc Holiday in the hip.
Wyatt Earp is untouched. Doc finds himself looking down the barrel of Frank McLowry's pistol. McLowie says, I've got you now. Doc's calm response is characteristic. Blaze away, you're a daisy if you do.
McLowry fires and a bullet rips through Doc's coat. Doc fires and a bullet rips through McLowry's head, killing him instantly. Both Billy Clanton and Tom McLowry are barely clinging to life. They're carried into a nearby house and within minutes are dead. Analysis of Doc's movements at the OK Kral show him to be a master in tactical combat.
Here again is Jeff Moray. His job is to protect the flank. Not to let the Cowboys out a lot so that they can fight the Irk Brothers. What's peculiar about Doc's performance in the gunfight is how much walking he does. He traverses more ground than any other participant.
It takes just 30 shots and 30 seconds of gunfighting at the OK Corral to write another chapter in American history. When the gun smoke clears, three cowboys are dead. Here again is Victoria Wilcox. The story of the gunfight went out across the telegraph wires and hit all the newspapers in America and made instant celebrities of all the participants. In a country that was enamored with all things Wild West, this was the most iconic Western battle of them all.
The event is highly controversial in Tombstone, and the Earp brothers and Doc Holiday are put through a month-long hearing before Judge Wells Spicer. Testimony from witnesses is wildly contradictory. The tombstone epitaph argues the Earps and Holiday were only doing their duty as lawmen. The Daily Nugget argues they'd be tried for murder. Judge Spicer finally rules there is not enough evidence to proceed with the murder trial.
Therefore, this court is adjourned. And when we come back, we're going to continue with a remarkable story of Doc Holiday, the full story of Doc Holiday. And you're hearing from some of the best Western historians in the country more on the life of Doc Holiday. Here on our American stories.
Okay. We've been duped, hoodwinked, conned for 50 years. The lawn care industry sold us toxins in a bag and made our yards more toxic than a bad relationship. Sunday helps you ditch the chemicals and feed your lawn the good stuff: soybean proteins, iron, seaweed, molasses, ingredients that get your soil giggling like an overserved mom at the block party. Sunday uses clean ingredients in real science for thicker, greener grass.
Order today and get your custom Sunday yard plan for the season ahead. Sunday, for a smarter, healthier yard. GetSunday.com. No one knows what the future holds, but you deserve a weather app that can help. Weatherbug is easy to use and provides forecasts for your every need, from storm warnings to pollen levels, right at your fingertips.
Get the fastest local alerts and comprehensive 10-day forecasts wherever you are. It's hyper-local, real-time, customizable alerts. Make sure the weather never takes you by surprise so you can plan every day with confidence. Download the free weather bug app from the App Store today and start getting accurate weather forecasts 24-7. Hello, hello.
I'm Malcolm Glabwell, host of Smart Talks with IBM. I recently spoke with IBM's new Director of Research, Jake M. Bata. We discussed his vision for the future of quantum computing. At IBM Research, what we always do is answer: what is the future of computing?
Whether it's coming up with new algorithms, coming up with better AI, coming up with quantum, or coming up with just how do different accelerators go together. It's our DNA to answer the question of what is the future. Isn't it a perfect problem for IBM because you kind of need to have a legacy of building stuff? Yes. Building actual Physical machines.
Yeah, it's why I came to IBM. I wanted the experience The culture of building hard things. that others have not done before. Where do you imagine we are in the timeline of this technology? There will come a point.
When it will mature, right? Yeah. My cell phone is a mature technology at this point. How far are we from that point with content? By 2029, we'll build the first fault-tolerant quantum computer.
That is one that can run a very, very large, large problem. To learn how IBM is building the future of computing, Visit ibm.com slash quantum. You won't see the engineer that slams the Nissan Rogue's door 13,920 times, or the corrosive chamber that simulates 15 years of life in five months, or the rogue heat-baked for over 300 combined hours. What you will see is a vehicle that can take punch after punch and keep rolling. Nissan, number one in new vehicle quality among mainstream brands by JD Power.
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Complete disclosures available at public.com/slash disclosures. And we continue here with our American stories and the story of Doc Holiday. We last heard from Judge Spicer, who ruled that there was not enough evidence to proceed with a murder trial against the Earps. or Doc Holiday. Let's pick up from there.
with Roger McGrath. Therefore, this court is adjourned. The Cowboys are incensed by the failure to proceed with the trial. They issue a public death threat to Judge Spicer in the Daily Nugget. The real problem is the town has been so polarized.
that there's no appeasing. A losing side. The Cowboys aren't interested in PR. They're interested in rebenching. Ike Lanton wants to get the men who killed his brother.
and they feel the whole system has let them down. Word spreads through Tombstone that the Earps and Doc Holiday are targeted for death. Late on a December night, Virgil Earp steps out of the Oriental saloon and into the blast of a shotgun. The butt shot from the unseen assassin shreds his left arm and rips into his left leg. Miraculously, Virgil survives, but his left arm is rendered useless for the rest of his life.
Three months later, in March 1882, Morgan Earp is shot while playing a game of billiards. The shot comes through an open window of the billiard parlor and drills Morgan in the stomach. He lingers for an hour and dies in Wyatt's arms. For Wyatt Earp, the killing of Morgan was a profoundly upsetting incident. From now on, he will be a law unto himself.
The question Over the years, was he a force for justice? Or was he an expression of the law gone wrong? And that's a difficult question to answer. But he will be. The judge, the jury, and the executioner.
White Earth is now a deputy U. S. Marshal and with Doc Holliday's encouragement decides it's time to go on the offensive. The first order of business, though, is to get Virgil and his wife safely out of town. Wyatt deputizes Doc and Warren Earp and two others, Sherman McMaster and Turkey Creek Jack Johnson, to escort Virgil and his wife to the train station in Tucson.
At the station they spot Frank Stilwell. The man has been bragging that he fired the fatal shot into Morgan Earp's stomach. Stilwell is hiding behind a railroad car as the men close in on him. Wyatt lets a shotgun roar and Doc opens up with a revolver. How many others fire is not known, but Stilwall's body is later found riddled with buckshot and bullets.
One of the witnesses says he'd never seen a man who'd been more badly shot up. And from now on there's no turning back from Wyatt Earp. Uh This is a major change in his career. He still views himself I believe is bringing justice. But he clearly realizes he's now outside the confines of the law.
This was the beginning of real trouble for the Earths. And it made it clear that Wyatt was interested in more than just. arresting people. This has become personal. A Tucson Justice of the Peace issues arrest warrants for Wyatt and Doc and the others.
But by the time he does, they are long gone and armed to the teeth to hunt down the killers of Morgan and the attempted assassin of Virgil. Joined by Texas Jack Vermillion, they head for the ranch of Pete Spence, one of the leaders of the cowboy faction. Spence is not there, but they find one of his hands, Indian Charlie Cruz. Indian Charlie. And dispense some Western justice upon him.
What becomes known as the Vendetta Ride is now at full gallop. Why an urban spandetteride can be looked at as almost an Old Testament type story: an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. And if you really think about that, What that type of approach Fosters. is the idea of a natural law. You have the natural law.
And you have the civil law. And those who support White Earth would say he was following the natural law. in the course of actions he took after the killing of Morgan. White Earp and Doc Holliday and the other Vendetta riders next surprised Curly Bill and eight other cowboys at Iron Springs, about thirty miles northwest of Tombstone. Grp lets loose with a shotgun, nearly cutting Curly Bill in half.
The other cowboys return fire, and the Vendetta riders are forced to retreat. Texas Jack Vermillion has his horse shot from under him. But Doc Holliday dashes back through heavy fire to rescue his fallen comrade. Doc Later says. Our escape was miraculous.
The shots cut our clothes and saddles and killed one horse, but did not hit us. I think we would have been killed if God Almighty wasn't on our side. After the Curly Bill episode, The Earth posse decides it's time to leave Arizona because of the pressure of the posse that are chasing them. with the assistance probably of two governors, Wells Fargo and Company, maybe the Santa Fe Railroad, and the U.S. Marshal's Office.
They go to Albuquerque and from there into Colorado. At Pueblo, Colorado, they park company. Wyatt going to Gunnison and Doc to Denver. Doc is arrested in Denver in May 1882 on the Arizona warrant for the murder of Frank Stilwell. All of a sudden, Doc has support coming out of the woodwork.
There is a Bat Masterson comes to town and begins to argue for him. There's a newspaper man named E.D. Cowan. Who is working on his behalf?
So, all of these people are saying to the governor, don't send them back. And so what happens is that the governor of Colorado Looks over the papers and says, There is already a charge against. Doc Holliday in Pueblo, and we can't extradite him to another state. when there is an outstanding warrant against him here in Colorado. By the way, that's called now in Colorado and other places holidaying.
Filing charges of one crime to prevent applying warrants for another crime. Doc returns to gambling to support himself, but tuberculosis is ravaging his body, and his once vaunted skills are beginning to deteriorate. He bounces from town to town, Denver, Pueblo, Leadville. In a Leadville saloon in March 1885, Doc is in his last shooting scrape. When Billy Allen tries to collect the debt Doc owes him, and threatens the frail consumptive.
Doc shoots Alan. Doc is arrested and put on trial, but a jury finds him not guilty on the grounds of self-defense. Doc's last days are spent in the health resort of Glenwood Springs. He moves there in May 1887 and begins soaking in the hot springs and inhaling the sulphurous vapors. Here's entrepreneur and Old West collector Bill Coke.
Why would Doc go to a springs that had a lot of sulfur in it? I mean, that just hastens his death. And he was medically trained, but it shows how primitive medicine was in those days. Over the years, he has never stopped corresponding with his cousin, Maddie Holiday.
Now his letter writing increases. She urges him to turn to God. He seeks out the local priest, Father Edward Downey, and it's not long before the Irish cleric. Baptizes Doc in the Catholic faith. By the fall of eighteen eighty seven, Doc Holiday is bedridden.
After all his narrow escapes, He finds it ironic that that he won't die with his boots on. Yeah. On the morning of November 8th, he calls for a nurse to bring him a jigger or whiskey. Doc sits up in his bed and throws back the shot. He looks at his bare feet.
This is funny. he says, and then falls back on to the bed and dies. John Henry Holliday is but thirty six years old. Here's Gary Roberts and Victoria Wilcox. If you think about it and you go to s to see movies about uh all of this.
The character who wins in the movies every time. who puts Wyatt Earp in the shadows, although he's supposed to be the hero. You forget about Wyatt and you concentrate on Doc Holliday. He'd done more in 36 years than most men ever dream of doing. He'd traveled across the country and seen history being made, and he had become part of American history.
Whydarp later says of him, Doc was dentist, whom necessity had made a gambler. a gentleman whom disease had made a frontier vagabond. A philosopher whom life had made a caustic wit, A long, lean, ash-blonde fellow, nearly dead with consumption, and at the same time the most skillful gambler. and the nerviest, speediest, and deadliest man with a six gun I ever knew. And great work as always to Greg Hengler, and thanks as always to Roger McGrath.
Who's our regular contributor for All Things American West? The legend, the reality, the story of Doc Holiday here. on our American stories. Get ready for the wildest sight your lawn has ever seen. Sunday, Sunday, Sunday.
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And one thing I've always respected is how seriously he takes up standing up to hate. As a Jewish athlete my identity is something I am proud of. But I also know what it feels like to be singled out for it. That's why this new commercial for the Blue Square Alliance Against Hate that aired during the big game really hit home. It's about showing up for someone when they're targeted, even if you don't have the perfect words.
And sometimes standing next to someone is enough. And you can show support by sharing the blue square. You won't see the engineer that slams a Nissan rogue's door 13,920 times, or the corrosive chamber that simulates 15 years of life in five months, or the rogue heat-baked for over 300 combined hours. What you will see is a vehicle that can take punch after punch and keep rolling. Nissan, number one in new vehicle quality among mainstream brands by JD Power.
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Mm.
